Eczema is a skin disease that occurs due to inflammation of the skin. It is also commonly referred to as “atopic dermatitis” in the medical literature. Eczema can manifest itself in patients with itching, redness and crust formation. Skin rashes are also common in advanced eczema.
Eczema is associated with the immunological system due to the disruption of the skin barrier in the body. The so-called skin barrier is the layer that protects the skin from external influences. In eczema patients, this skin barrier is considerably weakened. This causes the skin to overreact to external allergens and irritants.
Today, there are no definitive conclusions as to why eczema occurs. Genetic and environmental factors are cited as the most valid causes of disease. Eczema is more common in individuals with a family predisposition to atopic diseases. Eczema can also be affected by environmental factors such as allergic reactions, food, house dust mites, pollen and animal species.
This form of eczema is the most common and is also called atopic eczema, or dewworm when it occurs in babies. Atopic eczema mainly occurs in babies but can also occur later in life. It can be present for a short time or become chronic. The exact cause of atopic eczema is unknown.
This form is caused by an allergic reaction when the person comes into contact with certain substances to which he or she is allergic. These substances are also called allergens. Practice has shown that there are many substances that can lead to an allergic reaction. Examples of such substances are chemical products, cosmetic ingredients, vegetable substances and metals.
This form of contact dermatitis is caused by irritants such as solvents and soaps. This form occurs in everyone to a greater or lesser extent. A common example of irritating contact dermatitis is diaper dermatitis.
This form is also called asteatotic eczema. Crackle eczema mainly occurs in the elderly and is largely seasonal. In winter, crackle eczema is common. It is characterized by dry skin with pale red cracks and occurs mainly on the lower legs of the elderly.
This form mainly occurs in the elderly and is also called venous eczema, gravity eczema and varicose eczema. It is a skin condition that develops in people with a less well-functioning vein system in the legs. It mainly occurs on the lower legs and ankles. The lower legs are often swollen due to the accumulation of fluid, also known as edema.
This form is also called Dyshidrotic eczema or blistering eczema. It is characterized by itchy blisters on the palms, soles, and/or sides of fingers and toes. While the exact cause is often unknown, acrovesicular eczema can result from a fungal infection.
Nummular eczemaThis form usually occurs in the elderly and can occur without any apparent cause. Nummular eczema is characterized by round, itchy patches of eczema that vary in size. It usually occurs on the legs but can also occur on the arms, hands or feet.
Tylotic EczemaThis form of eczema is very persistent and is characterized by large, painful fissures in the palms of the hands and on the fingers. In people with tylotic eczema, there is mainly itching and burning pain. This form of eczema is very rare and most common in middle-aged men.
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